WASHINGTON: In an early sign of promise, Israeli and Palestinian leaders pledged in a cordial first round of talks to keep meeting at regular intervals, aiming to nail down a framework for overcoming deep disputes and achieving lasting peace within a year.
As their facilitator-in-chief, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton urged Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas to rise above the suspicion and skepticism that has blocked peace efforts for decades.
"By being here today, you each have taken an important step toward freeing your peoples from the shackles of a history we cannot change," she said Thursday.
The eventual aim is the creation of a sovereign Palestinian state beside a secure Israel.
Thursday’s results, in the first face-to-face peace talks between Israelis and Palestinians in nearly two years, were modest and were acknowledged as such by all sides. There was no detailed negotiation on any substantive issue, according to George Mitchell, the Obama administration’s special envoy for Middle East peace, who held months of preparatory talks and was a participant in most of the day’s discussions.
Netanyahu and Abbas will meet again on Sept. 14 and 15 in the Middle East, probably at the Egyptian Red Sea resort of Sharm El-Sheikh, with Clinton and Mitchell attending. The two also agreed to meet roughly every two weeks after that, sometimes with US officials present, other times not.
Mitchell offered no timeline for agreeing on the initial framework, which he said was to be "less than a full-fledged treaty" but more detailed than a statement of principles.
A major obstacle is looming: Israel’s moratorium on Jewish settlement construction in the disputed West Bank is due to expire Sept. 26. The Palestinians have said that unless the freeze is extended, the fledgling peace talks will collapse in short order.
In his public remarks Thursday, Netanyahu made no reference to an extension; Abbas called for an end to settlement expansion, but he raised the matter in the context of both sides living up to commitments, including a Palestinian pledge to end all incitement of violence against Israelis.
That is not entirely under Abbas’ control.
Gunmen from the Palestinian Hamas movement killed four Israeli residents of a West Bank settlement on Tuesday. And, on Wednesday, hours before the leaders had dinner with President Barack Obama and Clinton at the White House, Hamas gunmen wounded two Israelis as they drove in another part of the West Bank.
Hamas rejected the talks and stepped up its rhetoric as the ceremony in Washington began.
"These talks are not legitimate because the Palestinian people did not give any mandate to Mahmoud Abbas and his team to negotiate on behalf of our people," said Sami Abu Zuhri, a spokesman. "Therefore, any result and outcome of these talks does not commit us and does not commit our people, it only commits Abbas himself."
In Washington, the atmosphere was mostly upbeat.
In his opening remarks, Netanyahu at one point turned to Abbas and said, "I see in you a partner for peace. Together, we can lead our people to a historic future that can put an end to claims and to conflict."
Abbas struck an optimistic tone, too. "We’re not starting from scratch," he said, noting that all the central issues in dispute are well known.
Both cautioned, however, that hard decisions lay ahead.
When the two leaders had finished their introductory remarks, they shook hands, a smiling Clinton seated between them.
In a plea for both sides to compromise, Clinton said the Obama administration has no illusions about a quick breakthrough.
"We’ve been here before, and we know how difficult the road ahead will be," she said.
"There undoubtedly will be obstacles and setbacks. Those who oppose the cause of peace will try in every way possible to sabotage this process, as we have already seen this week."
Mitchell declined to detail exactly what the framework agreement would include but said it would lay out the main compromises necessary to get to a full peace treaty.
"Our goal is to resolve all of the core issues within one year, and the parties themselves have suggested and agreed that the logical way to proceed, to tackle them, is to try to reach a framework agreement first," he told reporters as Abbas and Netanyahu remained in a one-on-one session that completed the day’s talks. On Wednesday, Abbas and Netanyahu met separately with Obama at the White House.
The compromises the two sides seek would involve the most difficult issues that have dogged the parties for decades: the borders of an eventual Palestinian state, the political status of Jerusalem, West Bank settlements, the fate of Palestinian refugees and security.
"I know the decision to sit at this table was not easy," said Clinton, who with Mitchell has been working to relaunch talks stalled for 20 months. "We understand the suspicion and skepticism that so many feel borne out of years of conflict and frustrated hopes."
Flanked by Abbas and Netanyahu at the head of a U-shaped table in the State Department’s ornate Benjamin Franklin room, Clinton said the Obama administration was committed to an agreement. She stressed, though, that the heavy lifting must be done by Netanyahu and Abbas with support from the international community, particularly the Arab and Israeli publics.
Netanyahu and Abbas vowed to work together but each outlined concessions required from the other.
Netanyahu said to Abbas: "Together we can lead our people to a historic future that can put an end to claims and to conflict. Now this will not be easy. A true peace, a lasting peace would be achieved only with mutual and painful concessions from both sides."
Abbas urged Israel to end Jewish settlements in the West Bank and other areas that the Palestinians want to be part off their own state. Netanyahu insisted that any agreement must ensure Israel’s security as a Jewish state.
"We do know how hard are the hurdles and obstacles we face during these negotiations, negotiations that within a year should result in an agreement that will bring peace," Abbas said. –Associated Press Writers Matti Friedman and Abed Arnaout contributed to this story.
